Title: Default for BAS4SC - EXCEL EN
Course: BAS4SC - EXCEL EN

Q: What assumptions are naive forecasting methods based on?
- The assumption that there will be no significant changes in demand in the future
- The assumption that there will be significant changes in demand in the future
- The assumption that historical data is irrelevant
- The assumption that all variables are random
A: The assumption that there will be no significant changes in demand in the future

Q: Why don't naive methods filter out noise in the data?
- Because they have memory for only one (last) observation
- Because they require complicated statistical analysis
- Because they are based on all historical observations
- Because they are too complicated
A: Because they have memory for only one (last) observation

Q: How should the term "optimal transport system" be understood?
- A system that minimizes the amount of social work while fully meeting transport needs
- A system that maximizes the number of vehicles on the roads
- A system that increases the number of distribution centers
- A system that maximizes transport costs
A: A system that minimizes the amount of social work while fully meeting transport needs

Q: What combinatorial optimization problem involves planning the shortest route for a single vehicle?
- Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP)
- Routing Problem (VRP)
- Storage Problem
A: Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP)

Q: What is the company's key objective in terms of transport optimization?
- Minimizing the longest delivery time
- Increasing the number of vehicles delivering products
- Increasing the warehouse space in supermarkets
- Increasing the number of products in the weekly offer
A: Minimizing the longest delivery time

Q: What is the traveling salesman problem (TSP) in the context of route optimization in transport?
- A problem related to planning the shortest route for one vehicle
- A problem related to locating and storing goods
- A problem related to managing a fleet of vehicles
- A problem related to optimizing fuel costs
A: A problem related to planning the shortest route for one vehicle

Q: What characteristic of information describes its ability to confirm the truthfulness of data and to assure the reliability of the message?
- Credibility
- Congruence
- Timeliness
- Relativity
A: Credibility

Q: What are the three perspectives on customer service?
- Customer service as specific activities, performance measurement, philosophy
- Customer service as marketing, sales, logistics
- Customer service as management, production, distribution
- Customer service as advertising, promotion, after-sales service
A: Customer service as specific activities, performance measurement, philosophy

Q: What are the benefits of data analysis for businesses?
- It helps in decision-making, identifying trends and solving problems
- It increases the amount of data generated
- It makes it more difficult to interpret information
- It reduces the need for analytical techniques and tools
A: It helps in decision-making, identifying trends and solving problems

Q: What techniques and tools do data scientists use?
- Various techniques and tools
- Manual techniques only
- Statistical tools only
- No techniques or tools
A: Various techniques and tools

Q: Which type of chart is most appropriate for showing the contribution of different categories to the overall metric?
- Pie chart
- Column chart
- Bar chart
- Line chart
A: Pie chart

Q: How can the customer service level (CSP) be considered from the perspective of a single assortment?
- As the probability of not having a shortage in stock and the degree of quantitative fulfillment of demand
- As the number of orders placed by customers
- As the time needed to deliver the order
- As the cost of transporting goods
A: As the probability of not having a shortage in stock and the degree of quantitative fulfillment of demand

Q: Which of the following inventory replenishment systems is used to minimize storage costs by replenishing inventory only when needed?
- JIT (Just-In-Time) system
- ROP (Reorder Point) system
- ROC (Reorder Cycle) system
- EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) system
A: JIT (Just-In-Time) system

Q: When is an order triggered in the ROP (Reorder Point) system?
- When the stock level falls below the information stock level
- When the stock level reaches the maximum level
- When stock is replenished only as needed
- When the stock level reaches the minimum level
A: When the stock level falls below the information stock level

Q: Which chart type is best for showing data over time?
- Line chart
- Column chart
- Pie chart
- Radar chart
A: Line chart

Q: Which of the following features of dashboards allows for deep analysis and drilling down from the general to the specific?
- Interactive
- Static
- Simplicity
- Immutability
A: Interactive

Q: Which of the following optimization methods is NOT listed as being used by the Excel Solver?
- Monte Carlo method
- Simplex method
- GRG method
- Evolutionary method
A: Monte Carlo method

Q: What are radar charts used for?
- To compare the values of many variables that use the same measurement scales
- To show many variables for selected categories
- To present data over time
- To model the topography of the terrain
A: To compare the values of many variables that use the same measurement scales

Q: Which element of the optimization model in Solver is a cell containing the search values that are changed iteratively?
- Variables cell
- Objective cell
- Constraints cell
- Results cell
A: Variables cell

Q: Which of the following characteristics of information refers to its ability to meet the needs of the recipent and have significant meaning to him/her?
- Accurancy
- Relativity
- Timeliness
- Credibility
A: Relativity

Q: Which of the following KPIs measures the percentage of orders delivered to a customer on time and in full quantity, according to their specifications?
- On-Time In-Full (OTIF)
- Lead Time
- Customer Service Level
- Rate of Return
A: On-Time In-Full (OTIF)

Q: What are the two types of feedback that characterize a controlling system?
- Feedback and feedforward
- Feedback and lagging
- Feedback and lagging
- Feedback and static
A: Feedback and feedforward

Q: What is the main task of feedback (feed-back) in the controlling system?
- Regulating deviations in the plan-execution system
- Defining actions for the future
- Creating an early warning system
- Identifying signals that affect the company's future
A: Regulating deviations in the plan-execution system

Q: What is the main task of the "early warning" system in controlling?
- Identifying signals that affect the future of the company
- Creating reports from the past
- Monitoring current operations
- Regulating deviations in the plan-execution system
A: Identifying signals that affect the future of the company

Q: Which of the following theories provides the best tools for deciding which operations to outsource?
- Transaction Cost Economics (TCE)
- Core competency theory
- Relationship theory
- Resource-based theory
A: Transaction Cost Economics (TCE)

Q: What are the two most frequently cited reasons for outsourcing logistics activities according to the logistics literature?
- Reducing costs and expectations for improved service quality
- Increasing flexibility and improving productivity
- Modernization of information technology and business globalization
- Responding to changes in the regulatory environment and rapid growth
A: Reducing costs and expectations for improved service quality

Q: Which of the following statements best describes one of the characteristics of a controlling system?
- The controlling system includes two types of feedback and feedforward
- In controlling, detailed information about the past is sufficient
- The controlling system focuses solely on cost analysis
- In controlling, there is no need to implement new concepts and tools
A: The controlling system includes two types of feedback and feedforward

Q: Which of the following models is one of the most commonly used in analyzing spatial interactions in retail?
- Huff gravity model
- Disaggregated model
- Aggregated model
- Schlaich model
A: Huff gravity model

Q: Which of the following factors does NOT affect the location of a facility in the supply chain?
- Characteristics of population relations
- Sources of raw materials and location of markets for production materials
- Supply possibilities for energy factors
- Availability of roads and transportation points
A: Characteristics of population relations

Q: Which of the following factors is NOT listed as an external influence on the motivation to analyze the location of a new facility or to change the location of a facility?
- Changes in production technology
- Expansion into new markets
- Shifts in population centers
- Threats from competitors
A: Changes in production technology

Q: Which of the following variables is a dependent variable in competitive location models?
- Market share
- Purchasing power (demand)
- Distance
- Facility attractiveness
A: Market share

Q: Which of the following models estimates consumer behavior?
- Disaggregate model
- Aggregate model
- Schlaich model
- Huff gravity model
A: Disaggregate model

Q: What determines the zone of influence of a retail facility?
- Purchasing power in the region
- Distance from competing facilities
- Level of attractiveness of the facility
- Number of competing facilities
A: Purchasing power in the region

Q: Which of the following applications is NOT listed for competitive localization models?
- School Location
- Location of shopping centers
- Gas station locations
- Restaurant location
A: School Location

Q: How is the purchasing power spent by a consumer divided within the sphere of influence of several objects?
- It is divided equally between competing objects
- It is divided in proportion to the distance from the objects
- It is allocated only to the most attractive object
- It is divided according to the number of available products
A: It is divided equally between competing objects

Q: On what basis are quantitative forecasts of a scientific nature constructed?
- Based on historical data
- Based on managers' intuition
- Based on expert opinions
- Based on market trends
A: Based on historical data

Q: Which of the following situations is NOT listed as a basis for forecasting events?
- The event will occur because it is the manager's intuition
- The event will occur because it has occurred in the past
- The event will occur because its frequency of occurrence indicates it will
- The event will occur because it is related to other events that have occurred
A: The event will occur because it is the manager's intuition

Q: What models are used to construct forecasts?
- Statistical models
- Intuitive models
- Psychological models
- Marketing models
A: Statistical models

Q: Why are demand forecasts crucial in logistics?
- Because they affect sales
- Because they are based on historical data
- Because they are created by experts
- Because they are related to data from the recent past
A: Because they affect sales

Q: What is the main problem with forecast accuracy?
- Unpredictability of economic trends
- Lack of historical data
- Too much data
- Overly complex forecasting models
A: Unpredictability of economic trends

Q: What should you do if the assumptions of a forecasting model are wrong?
- Reassess, modify, and improve the forecasts
- Ignore the wrong assumptions
- Change to a different model
- End the forecasting
A: Reassess, modify, and improve the forecasts

Q: Which of the following functions of a forecast is based on the fact that the forecast is an impulse to take a specific action, but has no influence on the forecasted phenomenon?
- Preparatory function
- Activating function
- Warning function
- Self-fulfilling function
A: Preparatory function

Q: Which of the following is NOT a problem with forecasting?
- Forecasts can include exceptional or unexpected “black swan” events
- The data for forecasting will always be old, historically based
- Forecasts cannot include their own impact
- Forecasts can be wrong from the start
A: Forecasts can include exceptional or unexpected “black swan” events

Q: Why are time series model methods popular in demand forecasting?
- Because they allow for obtaining information about the future course of a phenomenon without the need to collect additional data
- Because they require collecting and analyzing data from many different sources
- Because they are more complex than other models
- Because they are less accurate than other models
A: Because they allow for obtaining information about the future course of a phenomenon without the need to collect additional data

Q: What should, in principle, improve the quality of time series model results?
- Each subsequent modification of the method
- Reducing the number of historical data
- Increasing the number of independent variables
- Reducing the number of dependent variables
A: Each subsequent modification of the method

Q: Which of the following fluctuations are long-term, rhythmic fluctuations in the value of a variable that form around a trend or constant level?
- Cyclical fluctuations
- Random fluctuations
- Developmental trends (trend)
- Seasonal fluctuations
A: Cyclical fluctuations

Q: Which of the following fluctuations tend to repeat themselves at regular intervals, but not exceeding a year?
- Seasonal fluctuations
- Cyclical fluctuations
- Developmental tendencies (trend)
- Random fluctuations
A: Seasonal fluctuations

Q: Why is data preprocessing important before building predictions?
- Because it eliminates errors or outliers
- Because it allows for more data
- Because it reduces the time needed to analyze the data
- Because it allows for ignoring anomalous data
A: Because it eliminates errors or outliers

Q: Why is it problematic to leave anomalous data in a time series?
- Because it distorts the result of the analysis
- Because it increases the number of data
- Because it reduces the minimum-maximum range
- Because it eliminates errors in the data
A: Because it distorts the result of the analysis

Q: Why are naive forecasting methods considered simple and fast?
- Because no statistical analysis is performed
- Because they require simple statistical analysis
- Because they are based on the assumption that there will be significant changes in demand in the future
- Because they have a memory of all historical observations
A: Because no statistical analysis is performed